Fertility Intentions among High-Parity Women in West Africa: Sociodemographic and Cultural Determinants from Recent Demographic and Health Surveys
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.57125/FS.2025.09.20.03Keywords:
Fertility Intentions, High-Parity Women, Contraceptive Use, Family Planning Policy, Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), Socio-Demographic Determinants, West AfricaAbstract
The desire to have children influences couples' fertility behaviour. This study aimed to analyse the factors associated with the desire to have more children among women who have already given birth to three or more children. Examining the determinants of fertility is of crucial political importance in designing, implementing, and evaluating the effectiveness of family planning policies in developing countries. The data for this study come from Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) conducted between 2017 and 2021 in West African countries, including Benin (2017), Burkina Faso (2021), Côte d'Ivoire (2021), Gambia (2019), Guinea (2018), Liberia (2019), Mali (2018), Nigeria (2018) and Sierra Leone (2019). A total of 14,752 women aged 15–49 years with more than three living children were included in the analysis. Among them, 38.9% expressed a desire to have more children, particularly among younger women aged 15–29 years (86.5%) compared to those aged 40–49 years (33.6%), rural residents (63.9% vs. 55.0% in urban areas), and women with no formal education (63.8%). Women who did not use modern contraceptives were more likely to want additional children (aOR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.27–1.65) than those who did. Socioeconomic status also influenced this desire; women in the wealthiest quintile were less likely to want more children (aOR = 0.74) than those in the poorest group. Country-level variations were significant; compared to Benin, women in Gambia (aOR = 1.84), Burkina Faso (aOR = 1.60), and Nigeria (aOR = 1.48) had higher odds of desiring more children. At the same time, those in Liberia (aOR = 0.66) were less likely to be affected. Additionally, women with no sons had a higher desire for more children than those with multiple sons did. These findings highlight the need for tailored family planning policies targeting high-parity, younger, rural, and less-educated women through education and contraceptive counselling to support sustainable demographic transitions in West Africa.
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